Security Programs & Authorities

The U.S. Government assists Ukraine and regional partners through a wide range of security-related programs and authorities, including European Deterrence Initiative (EDI), Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative (USAI), Foreign Military Financing (FMF), and Presidential Drawdown Authority (PDA).

Source: SGT STOUT vehicles are parked in line during a maintenance formation at the 5th Battalion, 4th Air Defense Artillery Regiment in Ansbach, Germany, on Aug. 12, 2024. The 10th AAMDC commanding general, Brig. Gen. Curtis King, and Command Chief Warrant Officer 5 David Miller visited Soldiers assigned to the 5-4 ADA and 1-57 ADA during a battlefield circulation to Ansbach on Aug. 12, 2024.

Security-Related Programs and Authorities

The U.S. Government assists Ukraine and regional partners through a wide range of programs and authorities.

For additional explanation view the latest OAR Report to Congress.

Presidential Drawdown Authority (PDA)

As of September 30, 2024, $45.8 billion in security funding has been appropriated to the DoD to replace weapons and materiel donated to Ukraine under PDA.

In response to Russia’s 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Congress increased the caps on PDA from $100 million annually to $11 billion for FY 2022, $14.5 billion for FY 2023, and $7.8 billion for FY 2024 in the Ukraine supplemental appropriations acts, providing $33.3 billion in cumulative PDA.

Supplemental appropriations provided funds for DoD Components to replenish items transferred to Ukraine.

Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative (USAI)

Since FY2022, the DoD has received $900 million for USAI through the DoD's base budget - $300 million each year.

As of September 30, 2024, the DoD had obligated approximately $22.9 billion and distributed $22.7 billion of its $32.7 billion in supplemental and FY 2022-2024 base USAI appropriations.

USEUCOM and European Deterrence Initiative (EDI)

The largest share of security-related appropriations is $46.5 billion for increased U.S. military activity in Europe and the European Deterrence Initiative, which supports the forward deployment of U.S. military forces and prepositioned stocks in Eastern Europe to deter aggression against NATO allies.

Foreign Military Financing (FMF)

A relatively small portion of total security funding for the Ukraine response—$6.4 billion—in FMF enables the U.S. Government to backfill partner nations that have depleted their military stocks through donations to Ukraine.

As of September 2024, State said that it reprogrammed $50 million of $150 million initially obligated for Ecuador to Ukraine ($27 million) and regionally in Europe ($23 million). In addition, State said it applied $123 million in FMF from its FY 2024 annual appropriation, including $60 million for Ukraine and $63 million, combined, for partners and allies in Eastern Europe.

Key Funding Terms

Appropriation
Legal authority for Federal agencies to incur obligations and to make payments out of the Department of the Treasury for specified purposes. Appropriations represent amounts that agencies may obligate during the period of time specified in the respective appropriation acts but do not represent the cash amounts set aside in Treasury for purposes specified in those acts.

Source: GAO, “Ukraine Funding: DoD Needs to Improve its Reporting, Guidance, and Evaluation Efforts,” GAO-24-106763SU, 9/30/2024.
Apportionment
The action by which the Office of Management and Budget distributes amounts available for obligation, including budgetary reserves established pursuant to law, in an appropriation or fund account. An apportionment divides amounts available for obligation by specific time periods (usually quarters), activities, projects, objects, or a combination thereof..

Source: GAO, “Ukraine Funding: DoD Needs to Improve its Reporting, Guidance, and Evaluation Efforts,” GAO-24-106763SU, 9/30/2024.
Obligation
A commitment that incurs a legal liability of the Government for the payment of goods and services ordered or received.

Source: GAO, “Ukraine Funding: DoD Needs to Improve its Reporting, Guidance, and Evaluation Efforts,” GAO-24-106763SU, 9/30/2024.
Disbursement
Amounts paid by Federal agencies during the fiscal year to liquidate Government obligations.

Source: GAO, “Ukraine Funding: DoD Needs to Improve its Reporting, Guidance, and Evaluation Efforts,” GAO-24-106763SU, 9/30/2024.
Reprogramming
Shifting funds within an appropriation or fund account for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of appropriation.

Source: GAO, “Ukraine Funding: DoD Needs to Improve its Reporting, Guidance, and Evaluation Efforts,” GAO-24-106763SU, 9/30/2024.
Transfer
The shifting of funds from one appropriation or fund account to another.

Source: GAO, “Ukraine Funding: DoD Needs to Improve its Reporting, Guidance, and Evaluation Efforts,” GAO-24-106763SU, 9/30/2024.

Security Funding Terms

Presidential Drawdown Authority (PDA)
Presidential Drawdown Authority (PDA) is not a funding source but rather an authority that allows the President to provide military assistance from existing DoD defense stockpiles up to a statutory cap.
UKRAINE SECURITY ASSISTANCE INITIATIVE (USAI)
Created by Congress in 2015, the Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative (USAI) is a funding source for DoD security assistance to Ukraine's military and other security forces, including intelligence support, training, equipment, logistics, supplies, and services.
EUROPEAN DETERRENCE INITIATIVE (EDI)
First established in the National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2015, the European Deterrence Initiative (EDI) provides funding to support five lines of effort: increased presence; exercises and training; enhanced prepositioning; improved infrastructure; and building partner capacity. EDI-associated activities and investments are funded through the DoD’s base budget rather than the Ukraine supplemental funds.
FOREIGN MILITARY FINANCING PROGRAM (FMF)
Foreign Military Financing (FMF) is the U.S. Government’s standing program through which State procures and the DoD delivers weapons and materiel requested by partners and allies. Through the FMF program, State may supervise and direct financing for military assistance for a specific purpose, usually in response to a request from the recipient country. FMF funds do not belong to the recipient nation but rather are executed by the DoD, and the funded items are transferred to the recipient country.

Security-related Programs and Authorities

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