Development & Humanitarian Assistance

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has created a significant humanitarian crisis for the Ukrainian population. The U.S. Government provided appropriations for the Ukraine response for development and humanitarian programs to support the Ukrainian government and people. These appropriations are administered by:

State
USAID
Treasury
U.S. International Development Finance Corp.
U.S. Agency for Global Media
Export-Import Bank of the United States

More than one-half of this funding has been disbursed for direct budget support, which provides funding—through international intermediaries—to the Ukrainian government to continue operations and provision of public services. Assistance provided through programs run by these administrating bodies has come in the form of development assistance and humanitarian assistance.

Development Assistance

Development Assistance includes development programs to support the Ukrainian government and people. These programs focus on such areas as anti-corruption activities supporting the rule of law and good governance; human rights and accountability for atrocities; the rebuilding of critical infrastructure through efforts such as nuclear safety, home heating and electrification, and small modular reactor development; development of new and existing natural gas sector assets, and integrating a developing mineral resource sector for long-term national benefit; and assistance to health ministries for administering healthcare to Ukrainian refugees.

Humanitarian Assistance

The intensity of violence in front-line areas is driving population displacement and increasing humanitarian needs. Front-line shifts since September 2024 have intensified multi-sector humanitarian needs, especially in areas most severely affected by the conflict. These actions have severely limited access to basic services and worsened living conditions, particularly during the winter months.

Direct Budget Support

Since 2022, the U.S. Government has provided more than $30.2 billion for direct budget support to the Ukrainian government, out of the total of $115.2 billion provided by partner nations and institutions. The Ukraine Security Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2024 provided $7.8 billion for direct budget support, which accounted for more than 14 percent of the $57.5 billion Ukrainian state budget financing received from partner nations and institutions in 2024.

These funds support assistance for internally displaced persons, salaries for school employees, disability aid, salaries to civil servants, assistance to low-income families, housing and utility subsidies, salaries to medical workers, and salaries for first responders. Direct budget funds will not be used to reimburse expenditures for pensions, due to the supplemental appropriation’s prohibition on using budget support for these expenditures.

Track the Funding

See how the funds Congress appropriated have been used to support programs related to Operation Atlantic Resolve, including U.S. assistance to Ukraine.

Source: DVIDSHUB.net. Richard McClurd, 437th Aerial Port Squadron air terminal duty officer, pushes power infrastructure equipment onto a C-17 Globemaster III at Joint Base Charleston, South Carolina, December 13, 2022. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Sara Jenkins)

Critical Infrastructure

Ukraine continues to rely heavily on nuclear energy to generate approximately 70 percent of nighttime energy and 60 percent of daytime energy. Ukraine’s nuclear power plants are operating at increased risk due to Russian attacks on Ukraine’s energy infrastructure, resulting in routine blackouts and unstable energy, heat, and water supply. According to the Department of Energy (DoE) Ukraine has lost 39 percent of its total pre-war power generation capacity because of Russia's strikes since October 2022. Ukraine has had to change its approach to energy production, including by developing and installing additional infrastructure necessary to operate in emergency conditions (e.g., gas turbines, gas piston units, and generators) throughout the various regions.

Human Rights & Accountability for Atrocities

Since February 2022, there have been 159,000 alleged incidents of aggression and war crimes against the Ukrainian people according to Ukraine’s Office of the Prosecutor General (OPG), including forced deportations, imprisonment, sexual violence, and summary executions. The United States, the European Union, and the United Kingdom support the Ukrainian government’s work on justice for atrocities through the Atrocity Crimes Advisory Group for Ukraine (ACA), which was established in May 2022 to provide coordinated strategic advice, capacity building, and operational assistance to Investigating and prosecuting war crimes in Ukraine. The sheer number of alleged Russian atrocities and the fact that Ukrainian authorities are attempting to pursue these cases during a full-scale war have overwhelmed Ukrainian law enforcement and prosectors, according to the U.S. Department of Justice.

Rule of Law & Good Governance

State's Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL), in coordination with the Department of Justice (DoJ) and other partners, has operated a decades-long anti-corruption program aimed at improving Ukrainian institutions capacities to investigate, prosecute, convict, and seize assets of government officials and others engaged in public corruption. State reported that the foreign assistance pause and review resulted in the termination of several State INL anti-corruption efforts in Ukraine. State said that it terminated projects providing support to Ukraine's Office of the Prosecutor General (OPG), including for tracking and seizing oligarchs' illicit assets, money laundering, and other efforts involving international cooperation. State also terminated a technical assistance grant used prior to the pause to support a 4-day course for regional prosecutors from Odesa.

What's New in the Latest Report?

Development and Humanitarian Assistance Paused

On January 24, 2025, in response to Executive Order 14169, State and USAID issued stop-work orders for contracts and suspension notifications for assistance awards, including to all activities in Ukraine and within the region. In some cases, basic bills (leases, utilities, etc.) were paid and minimal staff were retained, but normal operations were paused and some implementers closed their offices due to insufficient funding.

State Department issued stop-work orders: Secretary Marco Rubio's guidance directed contracting and grants officers to issue temporary stop-work orders pending the results of the review in accordance with the Executive Order 14169—Reevaluating and Realigning United States Foreign Aid, 1/20/2025. Nearly all State- and USAID-funded foreign assistance programs in Ukraine came to a halt except certain life-saving programs continued under waivers.

State Department Issued waivers to stop-work orders: On January 24, Secretary Rubio authorized requests for waivers to allow emergency food assistance, and life-saving humanitarian assistance, including medicine, medical services, food, shelter; and subsistence assistance.

USAID terminated programs: On March 10, Secretary Rubio announced that State was canceling 5,200 USAID awards, worldwide—83 percent of USAID programs. In April, Secretary Rubio canceled an additional 139 grants totaling $214 million.

Third-Party Oversight of USAID programs halted: The foreign assistance pause, combined with security-based movement restrictions for embassy staff, impacted direct oversight of foreign assistance programs. USAID Ukraine's primary mechanism for conducting third-party monitoring, the Ukraine Monitoring and Learning Support (UMLS) contract, was designated for termination in February 2025.

Examples of Programs Terminated

Energy Security Project: $920 million
Purpose: Enhance Ukraine's energy security, improving the energy legal and regulatory environment as a means to sustain Ukrainian democracy.
Harvest Activity: $250 million
Purpose: Support grain and oilseed farmers to return production and income for target commodities to at least pre-war levels.
The Democratic Governance East Activity: $157 million
Purpose: Strengthen the connection and trust between citizens and their government in eastern Ukraine.

Note: Some programs are terminated but have a waiver decision pending, as of March 2025.

Glossary of Programs

Assistance to Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA)
The Assistance to Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) program provides assistance to countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia to promote stability, security, and prosperity in the region. AEECA funding supports a range of activities, including economic development, democratic reform, and humanitarian assistance.
Capital Investment Fund (CIF)
The Capital Investment Fund (CIF) program provides funding for the Department of State's capital investments, including information technology, construction, and other infrastructure projects. CIF funding supports the Department's ability to modernize its operations and improve its ability to deliver services to U.S. citizens abroad.
Diplomatic Programs (DP)
The Diplomatic Programs (DP) program provides funding for the Department of State's diplomatic operations, including personnel, facilities, and security costs. DP funding supports the Department's ability to engage in diplomatic activities, promote U.S. foreign policy interests, and provide services to U.S. citizens abroad.
Economic Support Fund (ESF)
The Economic Support Fund (ESF) program provides economic assistance to foreign governments to promote stability, prosperity, and security in key regions. ESF funding supports a range of activities, including economic reform, private sector development, and humanitarian assistance.
Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs (ECE)
The Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs (ECE) program supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing funding for educational and cultural exchange programs, including the Fulbright Program and the International Visitor Leadership Program. ECE funding helps build people-to-people relationships and promotes mutual understanding between the United States and foreign countries.
Embassy Security, Construction and Maintenance (ESCM)
The Embassy Security, Construction and Maintenance (ESCM) program provides funding for the construction, maintenance, and security of U.S. diplomatic facilities abroad. ESCM funding supports the Department's ability to provide safe and secure facilities for U.S. diplomats and citizens abroad.
Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service (EDCS)
The Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service (EDCS) program provides funding for emergency assistance to U.S. citizens abroad, including those affected by natural disasters, conflicts, or other crises. EDCS funding supports the Department's ability to respond to emergencies and provide critical services to U.S. citizens in need.
Foreign Military Financing Program (FMF)
The Foreign Military Financing (FMF) program provides grants to foreign governments to purchase U.S.-made defense articles and services, promoting stability and security in key regions. By supporting the modernization of foreign militaries, FMF helps build stronger alliances and advances U.S. national security interests.
Global Health Programs -State Dept (GHP-State)
The Global Health Programs (GHP-State) program supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing assistance to foreign governments to address global health challenges, including infectious diseases and pandemics. GHP-State funding helps build the capacity of foreign governments to prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats.
Global Health Programs - USAID (GHP-USAID)
The Global Health Program (GHP-USAID) supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing assistance to foreign governments to address global health challenges, including infectious diseases and pandemics. GHP-USAID funding helps build the capacity of foreign governments to prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats.
International Disaster Assistance (IDA)
The International Disaster Assistance (IDA) program provides humanitarian assistance to countries affected by natural disasters, conflicts, or other crises, promoting stability and mitigating the impact of disasters. IDA funding supports the provision of emergency relief, protection, and durable solutions for affected populations.
International Military Education and Training (IMET)
The International Military Education and Training (IMET) program provides training and education to foreign military officers, promoting military-to-military relationships and advancing U.S. foreign policy interests. IMET funding helps build the capacity of foreign militaries to address shared security challenges.
International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE)
The International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) program supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing assistance to foreign governments to combat transnational crime, including narcotics trafficking, terrorism, and organized crime. INCLE funding helps build the capacity of foreign law enforcement agencies to disrupt and dismantle illicit networks.
Migration and Refugee Assistance (MRA)
The Migration and Refugee Assistance (MRA) program provides humanitarian assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, and other vulnerable populations around the world, promoting stability and mitigating the root causes of migration. MRA funding supports the provision of emergency relief, protection, and durable solutions for displaced persons.
Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related (NADR)
The Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related (NADR) program supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing assistance to foreign governments to prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction, counter terrorism, and address humanitarian demining needs. NADR funding helps build the capacity of foreign governments to address these critical security challenges.
Transition Initiatives (TI)
The Transition Initiatives (TI) program provides assistance to countries in transition, including those recovering from conflict or political upheaval, to promote stability and support the development of democratic institutions. TI funding supports a range of activities, including conflict mitigation, governance reform, and economic development.

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