Governance, Development, & Humanitarian Assistance
 

 A provision of law authorizing Federal agencies to incur obligations and to make payments out of the Department of the Treasury (Treasury) for specified purposes. Appropriations represent amounts that agencies may obligate during the period of time specified in the respective appropriation acts but do not represent the cash amounts set aside in Treasury for purposes specified in those acts.

The action by which the Office of Management and Budget distributes amounts available for obligation, including budgetary reserves established pursuant to law, in an appropriation or fund account. An apportionment divides amounts available for obligation by specific time periods (usually quarters), activities, projects, objects, or a combination thereof.

Amounts representing orders placed, contracts awarded, services received, or similar transactions during an accounting period that will require payment during the same or a future period.

Amounts paid by U.S. federal agencies during the fiscal year to liquidate U.S. Government obligations.

Realignment of budget authority within an appropriation or fund account for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of appropriation, usually to finance an emergent, unfunded requirement.

The shifting of funds from one appropriation or fund account to another.

An appropriation or fund account in which the balance is no longer available for incurring new obligations but is still available to cover upward adjustments to prior year obligations and liquidating valid obligations. The account remains available for such purposes during the 5-year expiration period.

Foreign Military Financing (FMF) is the U.S. Government’s standing program that provides grants to foreign governments to purchase U.S.-made defense articles and services. In this program State procures and the DoD delivers weapons, materiel, services and training requested by partners and allies, promoting stability and security in key regions. Through the FMF program, the Secretary of State may supervise and direct financing for military assistance for a specific purpose, usually in response to a request from the recipient country. FMF funds do not belong to the recipient nation but rather are executed by the DoD, and the funded items are transferred to the recipient country. By supporting the modernization of foreign militaries, FMF helps build stronger alliances and advanced U.S. national security interests.

The International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) program supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing assistance to foreign governments to combat transnational crime, including narcotics trafficking, terrorism, and organized crime. INCLE funding helps build the capacity of foreign law enforcement agencies to disrupt and dismantle illicit networks.

The Migration and Refugee Assistance (MRA) program provides humanitarian assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, and other vulnerable populations around the world, promoting stability and mitigating the root causes of migration. MRA funding supports the provision of emergency relief, protection, and durable solutions for displaced persons.

The Economic Support Fund (ESF) program provides economic assistance to foreign governments to promote stability, prosperity, and security in key regions. ESF funding supports a range of activities, including economic reform, private sector development, and humanitarian assistance.

The Diplomatic Programs (DP) program provides funding for the Department of State's diplomatic operations, including personnel, facilities, and security costs. DP funding supports the Department's ability to engage in diplomatic activities, promote U.S. foreign policy interests, and provide services to U.S. citizens abroad.

The Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related (NADR) program supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing assistance to foreign governments to prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction, counter terrorism, and address humanitarian demining needs. NADR funding helps build the capacity of foreign governments to address these critical security challenges.

The Assistance to Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) program provides assistance to countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia to promote stability, security, and prosperity in the region. AEECA funding supports a range of activities, including economic development, democratic reform, and humanitarian assistance.

The Global Health Programs (GHP-State) program supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing assistance to foreign governments to address global health challenges, including infectious diseases and pandemics. GHP-State funding helps build the capacity of foreign governments to prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats.

The Embassy Security, Construction and Maintenance (ESCM) program provides funding for the construction, maintenance, and security of U.S. diplomatic facilities abroad. ESCM funding supports the Department's ability to provide safe and secure facilities for U.S. diplomats and citizens abroad.

The Capital Investment Fund (CIF) program provides funding for the Department of State's capital investments, including information technology, construction, and other infrastructure projects. CIF funding supports the Department's ability to modernize its operations and improve its ability to deliver services to U.S. citizens abroad.

The Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs (ECE) program supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing funding for educational and cultural exchange programs, including the Fulbright Program and the International Visitor Leadership Program. ECE funding helps build people-to-people relationships and promotes mutual understanding between the United States and foreign countries.

The International Military Education and Training (IMET) program provides training and education to foreign military officers, promoting military-to-military relationships and advancing U.S. foreign policy interests. IMET funding helps build the capacity of foreign militaries to address shared security challenges.

The Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service (EDCS) program provides funding for emergency assistance to U.S. citizens abroad, including those affected by natural disasters, conflicts, or other crises. EDCS funding supports the Department's ability to respond to emergencies and provide critical services to U.S. citizens in need.

The International Disaster Assistance (IDA) program provides humanitarian assistance to countries affected by natural disasters, conflicts, or other crises, promoting stability and mitigating the impact of disasters. IDA funding supports the provision of emergency relief, protection, and durable solutions for affected populations.

The Transition Initiatives (TI) program provides assistance to countries in transition, including those recovering from conflict or political upheaval, to promote stability and support the development of democratic institutions. TI funding supports a range of activities, including conflict mitigation, governance reform, and economic development.

The Global Health Program (GHP-USAID) supports U.S. foreign policy goals by providing assistance to foreign governments to address global health challenges, including infectious diseases and pandemics. GHP-USAID funding helps build the capacity of foreign governments to prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats.